Operational amplifiers: Introduction, Block diagram representation of a typical Op-amp, schematicsymbol, characteristics of an Op-amp, ideal op-amp, equivalent circuit, ideal voltage transfercurve,open loop configuration, differential amplifier, inverting & non –inverting amplifier, Op-amp withnegative feedback ; voltage series feedback amplifier-gain, input resistance, output resistance,voltage shunt feedback amplifier- gain, input resistance, output resistance.

General Linear Applications: D.C. & A.C amplifiers, peaking amplifier, summing, scaling & averaging amplifier, inverting and non-inverting configuration, differential configuration, instrumentation amplifier.

Active Filters: First & Second order high pass & low pass Butterworth filters, higher order filters, Band pass filters, Band reject filters & all pass filters.

DC Voltage Regulators: voltage regulator basics, voltage follower regulator, adjustable output regulator, LM317 & LM337 Integrated circuits regulators.

Signal generators: Working and derivation of frequency of oscillation for Phase shift oscillator, Wien bridge oscillator, square wave generator, sawtooth wave generator, triangular wave generator, rectangular wave generator.

Comparators & Converters: Basic comparator, zero crossing detector, inverting & noninvertingSchmitt trigger circuit, voltage to current converter with grounded load, current to voltageconverterand basics of voltage to frequency and frequency to voltage converters.

Signal processing circuits: Precision half wave & full wave rectifiers limiting circuits, clamping circuits, peak detectors, sample & hold circuits.

A/D & D/A Converters: Basics, R-2R D/A Converter, Integrated circuit 8-bit D/A, successive approximation ADC, linear ramp ADC, dual slope ADC, digital ramp ADC.

Phase Locked Loop (PLL): Basic PLL, components, performance factors, applications of PLL IC and 565. Timer: Internal architecture of 555 timer, Mono stable, Astable-multivibrators applications.