Introduction and Conceptual Design of Bridges:
Introduction, components of a bridge and their functions, Site investigations prior to bridge construction, classification of bridges, IRC loading standards, IRC A, AA, and 70 R. Hydraulic design of bridges, natural and artificial water ways, afflux, Economical span, problems.

Pipe culverts:
Hydraulic design and structural design, IRC standards. Design problems. Design of Box culverts, general procedure of design for all the conditions of culvert , reinforcement details, Design example ( students should be given to design the culvert for any one condition of loading)

Design of Deck slab (Limit state method):
Introduction, Design of deck slab. Effective dispersion of wheel load along the span and effective width concept, Arrangement of wheel loads of IRC A for obtaining maximum bending moment and shear force. Design example, Arrangement of IRC class AA obtaining maximum bending moment and shear force. Design example. Arrangement of IRC 70R loading for obtaining maximum bending moment and shear force. Design example.

Introduction to T-beam bridges:
Code provisions, typical arrangement of longitudinal and cross girders, Pigeaud’s method, design of interior panel (for IRC class AA & 70R), methods for finding load distribution among longitudinal girders ( Courbon’s, Hednry Jaguer’s method), general steps of design (only design concepts).

Bridge substructures, abutments and Piers:
Types of abutments and piers, stability analysis of piers and abutments, base pressure distribution. Bridge bearings, types and their suitability