Fluids and their properties– compressibility, surface tension, capillarity, Pascal’s law, hydrostatic law, fluid pressure measurement using simple and differential manometers, Total pressure and center of pressure on vertical and inclined plane surfaces.

Kinematics– Types of flow, continuity equation in Cartesian coordinates, velocity potential, stream function, flow nets, Dynamics-Euler’s equation of motion, Bernoulli’s equation, ApplicationVenturimeter, Orifice meter, Pitot tube.

Classification of orifice and mouthpiece– hydraulic coefficients, discharge over rectangular, triangular and Cipoletti notch, Flow through pipes- major and minor losses, pipes in series and parallel, equivalent pipe, concept of water hammer and surge tanks.

Open channel hydraulics– classification of flow, Most economical channel sections-rectangular, triangular, trapezoidal, circular, Uniform flow, specific energy-rectangular channels, on-uniform flow, hydraulic jump-equation and applications, GVF equation-types.

Momentum equation– impact of jet on stationary and moving curved vanes Turbines-types, Pelton wheel-working proportions, velocity triangles Francis turbine- working proportions, velocity triangles Centrifugal pumps-work done, efficiency, multi-stage pumps.